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In addition to the revision notes for Multiples, Factors, Prime Numbers and Prime Factorization including LCM and GCF on this page, you can also access the following Arithmetic learning resources for Multiples, Factors, Prime Numbers and Prime Factorization including LCM and GCF
| Tutorial ID | Title | Tutorial | Video Tutorial | Revision Notes | Revision Questions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.5 | Multiples, Factors, Prime Numbers and Prime Factorization including LCM and GCF |
In these revision notes for Multiples, Factors, Prime Numbers and Prime Factorization including LCM and GCF, we cover the following key points:
In simple words, multiples of a number are those numbers that are in the same row (or column) in the times table.
In more formal terms, multiples of a number N are those numbers, which the number N divides without remainder.
Factors on the other hand, are the inverse of multiples. By definition, a factor is a divisor of a number if the division is done without remainder.
By definition, prime numbers are those numbers that are divisible only by 1 and by themselves. Numbers that are not prime are composite.
The number 1 is neither a prime number (as it is only divisible by 1 [that corresponds to itself]) nor a composite number as it is not divisible with other numbers. It is a kind of special number.
The Tabular method is very suitable for finding the prime factors of big numbers and has other useful applications.
We can find the common multiples of two or more small numbers by writing all multiples for each number and then, highlighting the common multiples. It is sufficient to find the smallest of the multiples (known as Least Common Multiple, or LCM) and then, multiply it by 2, 3, 4, ... etc., to find all common multiples of two or more numbers.
Another very important thing to identify and calculate in a set of two or more numbers is the greatest common factor (GCF). It represents the greatest number by which both original numbers are divided.
Both LCM and GCF can be calculated using the tabular method and have a wide range of applications in practice.
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